I-Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs): Ukulawulwa Okuphelele Kwezimoto Nokuvikela
I-Vaable Frequency Drives (VFDs): Ukulawulwa Okuphelele Kwezimoto Nokuvikela
Isingeniso
Ama-Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) angamathuluzi anamandla aklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokusebenza kahle kwamamotho ekuqaleni abehloselwe ukusebenza ngesivinini esisodwa. Ngalé komsebenzi wawo oyinhloko, ama-VFD adlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni izinjini ngokumelene nenqwaba yamaphutha angaba khona, okuhlanganisa i-overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, undercurrent, stalling, phase reverse, amaphutha aphansi, nezikhindi zesigaba nesigaba. Ezinhlelweni zamandla ezigaba ezintathu, ukuhlanganiswa kwama-VFD kungaholela ezinzuzweni ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, kubekwe njengesixazululo esingabizi kakhulu kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene.
Izinzuzo zama-VFDs
Ama-VFD anikeza izinzuzo eziningi, nokonga amandla okuvelele, kuye ngohlelo oluthile. Avame ukusetshenziswa kumafeni we-centrifugal, amaphampu, ama-compressor, nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto ezinesivinini esingaguquki. Ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto ze-AC, ama-VFD afaka isandla ekuphileni okude kokusebenza kanye nezidingo ezincishisiwe zokulungisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulawula isivinini okunembayo kunciphisa amaphutha okusebenza nokumosha. Uma kubhekwa amakhono abo emvelo okonga amandla, imbuyiselo yokutshalwa kwezimali kuma-VFDs ingabonakala ngesikhathi esifushane, kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya eminyakeni embalwa.
Ukucatshangelwa okwengeziwe kokufakwa kwe-VFD
Ukufaka i-VFD kuhilela okungaphezu nje kokuyixhuma enjini. Ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile, izakhi ezengeziwe njengezihlungi zokuphazanyiswa zikagesi, izihlungi zefrikhwensi yomsakazo, izindawo ezivalekile ezinkulu, izintambo ezintsha, noma ama-reactors olayini/umthwalo angase adingeke. Ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo i-VFD ngezici ezifana nezibani zokushayela, izindawo zokudlula, imishini yokunciphisa i-harmonic, izicindezeli ze-voltage yesikhashana (TVSS), noma izihlungi ze-dv/dt nakho kuyanconywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle. Ukungazinaki lezi zengezo kungaholela ekungasebenzi kahle noma ukulimala kwezimoto.
Izinto Okufanele Zibhekwe Lapho Ukhetha I-VFD
Lapho kukhethwa i-VFD yezinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla ezigaba ezintathu, izici ezimbalwa okufanele zicatshangelwe:
- Ama-Amps Omthwalo Ogcwele (FLA): Ibalulekile ekukhetheni i-VFD enosayizi ofanele.
- I-Voltage: Izinketho zifaka i-208 VAC, 230/240 VAC, noma i-460/480 VAC.
- I-Voltage/Frequency Variation
- Shayela Amabhande
- Ama-RPM
- Uhlobo Lokulayisha
- Ibanga Lejubane
- I-Torque edingekayo
- Layisha Amandla Amanje
- Indlela Yokulawula
- Isilinganiso se-Inverter
Imisebenzi ye-VFD
Izinto zikagesi ezingaphakathi kwe-VFD ziguqulela isigaba samanje samanje ku-DC zisebenzisa ama-diode, bese zisebenzisa ama-capacitor ukukhiqiza okukhiphayo kwe-AC okufunayo. Lawa mandla ashaywayo alingisa i-AC yamanje. Ama-VFD asekela imisebenzi emine yokushayela eyisisekelo:
- Imoto eya phambili (ijubane elihle netorque)
- I-reverse motoring (isivinini esibi netorque)
- Ibhuleki eliya phambili (ijubane elihle netorque eyinegethivu)
- I-reverse braking (isivinini esibi kanye ne-torque evumayo)
Qala ngokuzenzakalelayo & Misa
Ama-VFD amaningi enzelwe ukuqalisa ngokuzenzakalela, aqale ngefrikhwensi ephansi kanye ne-voltage ukuze avimbele ama-inrush currents kanye nezinkinga zemishini ezihlobene nokuqalisa umugqa oqondile. Ukusethwa kwezintambo kufana namayunithi esigaba esisodwa kodwa ngomkhondo ohlanekezelwe. Ukubeka i-L1, L2, kanye ne-L3 kusonkontileka kuqalisa idrayivu futhi kuguqula okukhiphayo kube isivinini esifiselekayo, kwenze injini ikhiqize itorque ebalulekile. Lapho umisa, imvamisa kanye ne-voltage kuncipha kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho injini icisha.