Gulu lalikulu ndi mawonekedwe azinthu zamagetsi otsika magetsi (zosinthira mpweya)

Gulu lalikulu ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi low-voltage owononga dera (zosinthira mpweya)

Waukulu gulu njira ya otsika-voteji dera breakers, kutengera mawonekedwe awo structural, ndi lotseguka ndi zida mtundu, amene ndi mmene mankhwala gulu. Open imatchedwanso mtundu wa chimango kapena mtundu wa chilengedwe chonse, pomwe mtundu wa zida umatchedwa mtundu wa chipolopolo cha pulasitiki.

General kusankha mfundo za circuit breakers.

Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa kapena yofanana ndi voteji ya mzere. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa kapena yofanana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi. 1.25 nthawi yomwe yakhazikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo ya kutulutsa kwamagetsi.Voliti yovotera ya kutulutsidwa kwa undervoltage kwa wophwanya dera iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi voteji ya mzere.Voliti yovotera ya kutulutsidwa kwa shunt ya wophwanya dera iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi kuwongolera mphamvu yamagetsi.Kuvotera kwamagetsi oyendetsa magetsi kumayenera kukhala kofanana ndi kuwongolera kwamagetsi amagetsi amagetsi. Zitsanzo zina zazitsulo zozungulira zimangolola kuti mzerewo ulowe kuchokera pamwamba, pamene zitsanzo zina zimalola kuti mzerewo ulowe kuchokera pamwamba kapena pansi.

Mfundo zoyendetsera magetsi otsika magetsi

1.Tsimikizirani mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a chitetezo cha woyendetsa dera malinga ndi zofunikira za chitetezo cha mzere: sankhani mtundu wa chimango, mtundu wa zipangizo kapena mtundu wamakono wochepetsera, ndi zina zotero.
Zida zamtundu wamagetsi: Ili ndi chipolopolo cha pulasitiki chotsekereza, makina olumikizirana omangidwira, chipinda chozimitsa ndi kutulutsa, ndi zina zambiri, ndipo imatha kutsekedwa pamanja kapena pamagetsi (pamabomba akuluakulu). Ili ndi mphamvu yosweka kwambiri, kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwambiri, komanso magwiridwe antchito athunthu otetezedwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mizere yogawa. Pakadali pano, zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi DZ15, DZ20, DZX19, C45N (tsopano zasinthidwa kukhala C65N) ndi mndandanda wina. Pakati pawo, C45N (C65N) oyendetsa ma circuit ali ndi ubwino waung'ono, mphamvu yosweka mwamphamvu, ntchito yabwino yochepetsera panopa, ntchito yosavuta, ndi zitsanzo zonse ndi ndondomeko. Zitha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta muzitsulo ziwiri, zitsulo zitatu ndi zozungulira zinayi zochokera kumtundu umodzi, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'nthambi zowunikira anthu ndi mizere ya nthambi ya 60A ndi pansi (zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha mzere wolowera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito okhalamo ndi kuyatsa masiwichi a nthambi m'malo ogulitsira).
2.Frame-mtundu otsika-voteji dera breakers: mphamvu yaikulu, wamphamvu yochepa dera kuswa mphamvu, mkulu zazikulu bata, oyenera AC 50Hz, oveteredwa voteji 380V kugawa maukonde, monga chitetezo chachikulu cha mizere yogawa thunthu. Zowonongeka zamtundu wa chimango zimapangidwa makamaka ndi makina olumikizirana, makina ogwiritsira ntchito, kutulutsa mopitilira muyeso, kutulutsa kwa shunt, kutulutsa kwamagetsi, zowonjezera ndi chimango, ndi zina zambiri. Pakalipano, zomangira zamtundu wa low-voltage zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dziko langa ndi DW15, ME, AE, AH ndi zina. Ma DW15 owononga ma circuit amapangidwa ndikupangidwa mdziko langa. Mndandanda wathunthu umaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo monga 1000, 1500, 2500, ndi 4000A. The ME, AE, ndi AH series breakers amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotumizidwa kunja, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe athunthu ndi mitundu (ndimasintha magawo apano kuyambira 630A kupita ku 5000A, okwana misinkhu 13), ndipo mphamvu yosweka ndi yamphamvu kuposa ya DW15. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitetezo chachikulu chamitengo yamagetsi otsika.
3.Intelligent circuit breakers: Pakali pano, pali mitundu iwiri ya ophwanya dera opangidwa m'dziko langa: mtundu wa chimango ndi mtundu wa chipolopolo cha pulasitiki. Mafelemu mtundu wanzeru owononga dera zimagwiritsa ntchito ngati ophwanya waukulu dera kwa kachitidwe wanzeru basi kugawa, pamene pulasitiki chipolopolo mtundu wanzeru owononga dera zimagwiritsa ntchito kugawa mphamvu mu maukonde kugawa ndi kulamulira ndi kuteteza mizere ndi zida magetsi. Ntchito monga ulamuliro wa magawo atatu khola asynchronous Motors. Makhalidwe a owononga madera anzeru ndi oti amagwiritsa ntchito owongolera anzeru (zida zanzeru zamaulendo) okhala ndi ma microprocessors kapena ma single-chip microcomputer monga pachimake, ndipo amakhala ndi ntchito zowunikira pa intaneti, kusintha basi, kuyeza, kuyesa, kudzizindikira, kulankhulana, ndi zina zambiri za magawo amagetsi a dera (panopa, voteji, mphamvu, mphamvu yamagetsi, ndi zina zambiri), ndipo amatha kuwunikira mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, kuyika mawonekedwe, ndi zina. magawo pamene dera lachitetezo likugwira ntchito, ndipo sungani magawowa mu kukumbukira kosasunthika kwa funso. Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino zapakhomo zapakhomo zikuphatikizapo DW45, DW40, DW914 (AH), DW18 (AE-S), DW48, DW19 (3WE), DW17 (ME), ndi zina.

Posankha woyendetsa dera, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

1. Ma voliyumu ovoteledwa (UN) a wophwanya dera ayenera kukhala wofanana kapena wokulirapo kuposa ma voliyumu ovoteledwa a mzere wotetezedwa.
2. Ma voliyumu ovoteledwa a kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa wophwanyira dera ayenera kufanana ndi voteji ya mzere wotetezedwa.
3. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi kutulutsa kwake kopitilira muyeso kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo kapena kofanana ndi komwe kuwerengedwera kwa dera lotetezedwa.
4. Mtheradi wosweka wosweka wa dera wosweka ayenera kupitirira phindu la pazipita lalifupi-circuit panopa mu mzere.
5. Makhalidwe achitetezo a ophwanya cham'mwamba ndi otsika pamzere wogawa ayenera kulumikizidwa, ndi mawonekedwe achitetezo otsika omwe ali pansipa osadukizana ndi mawonekedwe achitetezo apamwamba.
6. Kuchedwerako kwa nthawi yayitali kwa chophwanyira dera kuyenera kukhala kochepa poyerekeza ndi mawaya ovomerezeka.

Kwa ophwanya magetsi ogawa magetsi, mfundo zotsatirazi zimagwira ntchito:

1. Mtengo wokhazikika wa nthawi yayitali yogwiritsira ntchito wophwanyira dera usapitirire mphamvu yololeka ya waya. Pakugwiritsa ntchito mawaya ndi chingwe, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito 80% ya mawaya ndi chingwe chololeza kunyamula.
2. Nthawi yobwezeredwa ya kuchedwa kwa nthawi yayitali katatu pakali pano iyenera kukhala yokulirapo kapena yofanana ndi nthawi yoyambira injini yokhala ndi mphamvu yoyambira pamzere.
3. Kuchulukirachulukira kwanthawi yomweyo kuyenera kukhala kuwirikiza ka 1.1 kuchuluka kwa mizere yowerengetsera (Ijx) ndi chotuluka cha injini yoyambira pakali pano (k1, nthawi zambiri 1.7-2), injini yoyambira kangapo (k), ndi yovoteledwa ya injini yayikulu kwambiri (Icdm).

Kwa ophwanya magetsi oteteza magalimoto, mfundo zotsatirazi zimagwira ntchito:

1. Kuchedwetsa kwa nthawi yayitali kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi mphamvu ya injini.
2. Kukhazikika kwakanthawi kwamagetsi oteteza ma motors oteteza makola kuyenera kukhala 8-15 nthawi yamagetsi yamagetsi, pomwe ma motors ozungulira mabala, kuyenera kukhala 3-6 kuchuluka kwamagetsi apano.
3. Nthawi yobwezeredwa ya kuchedwetsa kasanu ndi kamodzi kwa mtengo wapano ikuyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa kapena yofanana ndi nthawi yeniyeni yoyambira injini, ndi zosankha za 1S, 3S, 5S, 8S, 12S, kapena 15S kutengera kulemera kwa katundu poyambitsa.

Mukagwirizanitsa zowononga madera ndi ma fuse, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

1. Ngati magetsi afupiafupi omwe akuyembekezeredwa pamalo oyikapo ndi ocheperapo kuposa momwe wophwanyira wozungulira adavotera, fusesi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitetezo chosunga zobwezeretsera chifukwa champhamvu yake yosweka pang'onopang'ono. Monga tawonera pachithunzi 1, mawonekedwe a fuse yosunga zobwezeretsera (1) amadutsana ndi mawonekedwe a wophwanya dera (2). Pakachitika mzere waufupi, nthawi yodutsa fuseyi ndi yaifupi kuposa ya woyendetsa dera, kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha woyendetsa dera. Malo osinthira pamakhalidwewo amatha kusankhidwa pa 80% ya mphamvu ya breaker yomwe idavotera pang'onopang'ono.
2. Fuseyi iyenera kuyikidwa pambali yamagetsi yamagetsi kuti iwonetsetse kuti ikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.